Where the old school rule of thumb was that all dogs needed all vaccinations, these days, veterinarians are taking a different tact when it comes to doling out shots.

For example, I have a dog and two cats, so while we lean toward more canine vaccinations because she’s outside a lot, the cats get less shots because they are inside-only. 

Vaccination protocols are now changing/mirroring the improvements in veterinary technology. Today’s savvy pet owners, and educated veterinarians, are deciding on the best approach to vaccinations, which may or may not means a slew of shots your dog doesn’t need.

Your vet will consider factors such as your pet’s age, health status, environment and potential exposure to infectious diseases when making vaccination recommendations.

By basing vaccination protocols on each pet’s individual needs and risk of exposure, changes may include titer tests versus booster vaccinations for some pets. Titer testing requires a blood draw to check your dog’s level of immune defenses.

It takes up to 14 days for the immune system to complete its response to a modified live virus vaccination for canine viruses, a process called “serovonversion” that means the dog has formed both antibodies and memory cells to those viruses. If you test your dog’s titer two weeks after vaccination, you can tell if he has formed immunity to the virus.

Titer tests can also be used to help customize an effective/minimal vaccination program for puppies. Puppies are typically given a series of vaccines because some puppies don’t form immunity to the first vaccination, and would be unprotected if the next in the series were not administered. By checking your puppy’s titers two weeks after the first vaccinations are given, you can determine whether or not immunity formed.

Titer testing is usually done in dogs for the most common and deadly canine viruses, parvovirus (CPV) and distemper (CDV). Rabies titer testing is also done, usually for purposes of travel to foreign countries that require it.

It’s always good to get involved with your pet’s health care, so ask your vet to discuss Fido’s vaccination options. 

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